论马克思劳动哲学视域中的法律正当性思想

On Marx’s Thought of Legal Legitimacy Based on Labor Philosophy

马克思在批判西方传统法律正当性理论的基础上,创立了以劳动哲学为基础的法律正当性理论,强调法律正当性应该建构在主观与客观、事实与价值、个人与社会以及历史与现实辩证统一的基础上。法律的正当性在于,法律既要反映社会物质生产劳动实践的实际情况,也要契合大多数社会成员特别是创造物质财富的劳动者的主观价值观念,法律既要充分保障社会成员的个人权利也要维护社会秩序和谐稳定。马克思的法律正当性理论较之自然法学派和实证主义法学派的法律正当性理论更具合理性。

Based on theory of criticizing the legal legitimacy of western traditional law,Marx established the legal legitimacy theory on account of the philosophy of labor,emphasizing that legal legitimacy should be built on the basis of dialectical unity of subjective and objective,facts and values,individual and society,history and reality.The legitimacy of the law lies in that the law should not only reflect the actual situation of social material production and labor practices,but also conform to the subjective values of most social members,especially the workers who create material wealth.The law should not only fully protect the individual rights of social members,but also maintain social order,harmony and stability.Marx’s theory of legal legitimacy is more reasonable than that of natural law school and positivist law school theories.