高原鼢鼠及斑头雁独特心肺系统的仿生学启示

Biomimicry enlightenment on unique cardiopulmonary system of plateau zokor and bar-headed goose

人体进入高海拔地区易于造成缺氧损伤,是高原环境医学的首要问题。虽然相关研究已开展几十年,取得了一些令人瞩目的成果,但关于机体进入高海拔低氧环境的快速适应仍然缺乏系统而有效的方案,现有药物还不能满足快速缺氧适应并预防缺氧损害的需求。寻找安全有效的促缺氧适应药物、合理的锻炼方案,对满足平时的生产活动和未来战争的需要具有重要的现实意义。人体心肺系统的代偿调节对适应低氧环境有重要作用。本文对高原鼢鼠与斑头雁心肺系统的独特解剖学结构进行综述,可对提高人体缺氧耐力提供有效借鉴。

The human body is prone to hypoxia damage in high altitude areas,which is the primary problem for high-altitude environmental medicine.Although relevant research has been carried out for decades and some impressive results have been achieved,there is still a lack of systematic and effective solutions for the rapid adaptation of the body to the high-altitude hypoxic environment,and the existing drugs cannot meet the requirements of rapid hypoxic adaptation and hypoxic damage prevention.It is of great practical significance to find safe and effective drugs for promoting hypoxic adaptation and reasonable exercise schemes to meet the needs of normal production activities and future wars.The compensatory regulation of the body’s cardiopulmonary system plays an important role in hypoxic environment adaptation.This paper reviews the unique anatomy of the cardiopulmonary system of plateau zokor and bar-headed goose,which can provide some effective reference for improving human hypoxic endurance.