青光眼相关的角膜内皮细胞损伤机制

Mechanisms of corneal endothelial cell injury related to glaucoma

角膜内皮细胞是维持角膜透明的关键,青光眼本身及其治疗措施可能会对角膜内皮细胞造成损伤。非生理状态下的眼压会破坏角膜内皮细胞的结构及其泵功能;引流装置的植入及其位移会损伤角膜内皮细胞;治疗过程中房水微环境的改变会影响角膜内皮细胞的营养供给;抗青光眼药物的毒性作用也是角膜内皮细胞损伤的原因之一。

Corneal endothelial cell plays a key role in maintaining its transparency.Glaucoma and its treatment may cause damages to the corneal endothelial cells.Intraocular pressure,either too high or too low,could destroy the structure of corneal endothelial cells,as well as their pump function;the implantation and displacement of the drainage devices will damage the corneal endothelial cells;the imbalance of aqueous humor microenvironment will influence the nutrition supply to corneal endothelial cells;the toxicity of anti-glaucoma medicines may contribute to the dysfunction of corneal endothelial cells.This paper summarizes the relevant clinical and basic researches,and discusses the corneal injury mechanisms,aiming to provide guidances for the diagnosis and treatments of glaucoma,and reduce or avoid the visual function damages caused by corneal endothelial cell injury in glaucoma patients.