月球内部圈层结构探测及关键技术挑战

Detection of Lunar Interior Structures and the Challenge on Its Key Technology

地外天体的内部结构是了解其自身演化奥秘的钥匙,能够为人们深入认识地球自身的演化规律提供重要参考。地外天体内部结构探测是光学、遥感、采样返回等深空探测任务的重要补充和拓展。阿波罗时代的月震仪为揭示月球内部的奥秘做出了卓越贡献,然而,受到当时硬件水平的限制,有关月球内部圈层结构的探测结果至今仍然存在很大争议,严重制约了月球科学的发展。我国嫦娥七号任务拟对月球南极进行探测,随后逐步建立月球科研站,期间将布设我国第一台月震仪,以探测月球内部圈层结构及状态。本文阐述了月球内部结构探测的重要意义,列举了月震仪研制和布设可能面临的困难,分析了潜在问题的应对措施,提出了后续科学研究需要关注的问题,并给出了系列建议。本文旨在激发更多学者关注和从事月球及行星内部结构探测事业,以促进我国在相关研究领域的稳步前进,争列国际学术前沿。

The interior structure of extraterrestrial objects is the key to understand the mystery of their own evolution process,which can provide an important reference for us to deeply understand the evolution of the Earth.The detection of the interior structure of extraterrestrial objects will become an important supplement to deep space exploration missions such as optics,remote sensing and sample returning.The lunar seismometer in the Apollo era made outstanding contributions to revealing the mysteries of the interior of the Moon.However,due to the limitation of the hardware level at that time,there are still great disputes about the detection results of the inner spherical structure of the Moon,which seriously restricts the progress of lunar scientific researches.China is expected to explore the south pole of the Moon by Chang’E-7 mission,then to establish a lunar scientific research station,including the first China’s lunar seismometer to detect the interior structure and its physical state.This paper expounds the significance of exploring lunar interior structure,lists the possible difficulties in the development and deployment of lunar seismometer,analyzes the potential countermeasures,puts forward the problems that need to be paid attention to in the follow-up scientific research,and gives a series of suggestions.This paper aims to stimulate more planetary scientists to pay more attention to the exploration of the interior structure of the Moon and planets,so as to promote China’s steady progress in relevant research fields and strive for the international academic frontier.