对古DNA研究获2022年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的一些认识和思考

Some Thoughts and Perspectives on the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

2022年10月3日诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予瑞典科学家斯万特·帕博(Svante P??bo),以表彰他“关于已灭绝人类基因组以及人类进化研究”方面作出的贡献。本年度生理学或医学奖获奖消息,一经公布,立刻受到媒体和公众的广泛关注,并引起了热议,甚至引发了争议。尤其是关于帕博因什么获奖以及为何能获奖有较多讨论,也许关于这个话题多年以后还会拿出来讨论。本文无意对此作评判,甚至避开去剖析各方观点的是非对错;而仅从一个从事人类群体遗传学一线教学和科研的学者立场,尝试去理解帕博的科学研究贡献及其意义,进而做一些关于创新的延伸思考。

On October 3,2022,the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Swedish scientist Svante P??bo for his contributions“to the study of the extinct human genome and human evolution”.The announcement of this year’s Physiology or Medicine Award immediately attracted widespread attention from the media and the public,and aroused heated discussions and even intensive debates.In particular,there have been many discussions about what and why P??bo won the award,and perhaps this topic will be discussed again many years later.I do not intend to judge those discussions,and even avoid analyzing the rights and wrongs of various viewpoints.As a human population geneticist and a university teacher,I would rather attempt to understand P??bo’s contributions and their significance in science.Further,I am pleased to take this opportunity to share my thoughts and perspectives on innovation in scientific research.