中美主要科研资助机构减轻科研项目申报行政负担的对比和启示

Comparison and Enlightenment of Reducing Regulatory Burden of Research Application by Major Funding Agencies in China and United States

以主要科研资助机构为例,比较中美两国在政府、资助机构及研究机构层面形式审查具体政策和举措,提出优化我国项目管理、减轻科研申报行政负担的建议。分析发现,美国联邦政府通过颁布法案和指南,促使资助机构积极响应,建立跨机构的法规适用性保证机制、建立集中的研究者档案数据库、统一和简化项目申请格式和程序;研究机构也为科研人员提供高质量管理服务;我国政府也强调减轻科研人员负担充分释放科技活力,通过扩大无纸化范围、简化填写信息等措施致力于减轻研究者行政负担。为进一步落实科研人员减负的战略任务,可以完善申报系统功能和提示、强化对于科研诚信等核心要素的把控、加强联动改进流程等。

This paper compares the formal examination and measures taken by government,funding agency and host institution between China and United States(US),and puts forward suggestions on optimizing project management and reducing regulatory burden.Result shows that the US government has promoted the active response of funding agencies through promulgation of laws and guidelines,establishing cross-agency regulatory assurance,centralizing investigator database,and unifying application formats and procedures.Host institutions also provide high-quality management services.The Chinese government is also emphasizing reducing the regulatory burden on researchers,as to fully release the vitality of science.Paperless and simplified application has been adopted,contributing to strategic task of reducing regulatory burden.In the future,the improvement of application system,scientific research integrity,process reengineering should be taken into consideration.