一种新型电梯制动器摩擦片的设计

Design of a New Elevator Brake Friction Plate

近年来全国报导过数例因制动器问题而发生的电梯冲顶事故,尤其是鼓式制动器引起的。制动器是保障电梯安全的核心部件之一,为加强电梯制动器的安全性能,在维护保养层面,国家市场监督管理总局部署全国开展电梯鼓式制动器安全隐患专项排查治理行动,在电梯设计层面,新国标要求电梯要装设制动器故障保护功能、轿厢意外移动保护装置。两项要求均对电梯制动器工作状态进行监测。制动器工作时性能的变化主要体现在摩擦副的性能变化,制动器摩擦片在与制动轮摩擦过程中,表面材料流失或者转移,长期工作下去最终以磨损形式表现出来,严重时导致制动失效。因此,对摩擦片磨损量的监控能够最直接地体现制动器工作状态特征。基于此,文章提出一种监测制动器摩擦片的装置,直接对摩擦片的磨损量进行监测。

In recent years,there have been several cases of elevator topshot accidents caused by brake problems,especially drum brakes.Brakes are one of the core components to ensure elevator safety.In order to enhance the safety performance of elevator brakes,the State Administration for Market Regulation has deployed a nationwide special investigation and governance action for elevator drum brake safety hazards in the maintenance of landing doors.The new national standard requires the elevator to be equipped with a brake fault protection function and a car accidental movement protection device.Both functions monitor the working state of the elevator brake,but the performance change of the brake is mainly reflected in the performance change of the friction pair,the brake friction plate.In the process of friction with the brake wheel,the surface material is lost or transferred,and it will eventually show in the form of wear after long-term work,which will lead to brake failure in severe cases.Therefore,the monitoring of the wear amount of the friction plate can most directly reflect the characteristics of the working state of the brake.Based on this,this paper proposes a device for monitoring the friction plate of the brake,which directly monitors the wear amount of the friction plate.