近代文化往还间“主义”概念的古今转换

The Transformation of Concept of"zhuyi"(主义)from Ancient To Modern Times in Cultural Exchange

“主义”是中华古典词,意谓谨守道义、主张等,今指某种理念或思想体系及信念,也指为实现一定目标而采取的特定方式或方法。其古今转换是通过近代东西对译(与principle、~ism及doctrine)达成的。新名“主义”早为明治日本人创译并使用,于清末传入中国。在其生成、生长、流转过程中,“主义”概念于中日两国被赋予多样意涵及本国元素。这一过程彰显了汉字文化生生不息的基本品格。

"zhuyi"(主义)is a classical Chinese word.It was translated into"principle","~ism"and"doctrine"in modern times,therefore becoming a new concept and a key word to mark the era.The new concept"zhuyi"(主义)was originally translated and used by the Japanese people during the Meiji period and was then introduced into China in late Qing dynasty.In the process of its generation,growth and circulation,it has been mostly interpreted in China and Japan and has been endowed with various meanings.This process highlights the endless growth of the culture of Chinese characters.