盐碱胁迫对马铃薯生理生态特性的影响研究进展

Research Progress on Effects of Saline Alkali Stress on Physiological and Ecological Characteristics of Potato

盐碱胁迫是全球范围内制约农作物生长发育的主要逆境胁迫之一。土壤中含盐量达到0.3%及以上时,就会对农作物形成盐碱胁迫。马铃薯为一年生粮菜兼用的草本植物,在全球范围内广泛种植。综述盐碱胁迫对马铃薯生理生态特性影响的研究进展:在盐碱胁迫下,马铃薯植株在形态上表现出生长量显著减少、叶片失绿、根受到损伤甚至死亡的特性;在生理特性方面,则出现光合速率下降、脱落酸增加、赤霉素减少的现象,甚至引发离子毒害、渗透胁迫、干旱胁迫等。

Saline alkali stress is one of the major stresses that restrict the growth and development of crops all over the world.When the salt content in soil reaches 0.3% or more, it will form saline alkali stress on crops. Potato is an annual herb for both food and vegetables, which is widely planted all over the world. This paper reviews the research progress of the effects of saline alkali stress on the physiological and ecological characteristics of potato. Under saline alkali stress, potato plants show the characteristics of significantly reduced birth length, chlorosis of leaves, damage and even death of roots in morphology. In terms of physiological characteristics, there are phenomena of decreased photosynthetic rate, increased abscisic acid and decreased gibberellin, and even lead to ion toxicity, osmotic stress, drought stress and so on.