注射用托拉塞米致老年住院患者低钾血症危险因素分析

Risk factors for hypokalemia in hospitalized geriatric patients with torasemide for injection

目的探讨注射用托拉塞米致老年内科住院患者出现低钾血症的相关危险因素,为临床注射用托拉塞米的安全应用提供依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法,选取2018年1月至2021年6月使用注射用托拉塞米的复旦大学附属华东医院老年内科住院患者155例,对可能引起低钾血症的危险因素进行单因素及logistic回归分析。结果155例患者中,34例发生低钾血症,发生率为21.93%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,患者BMI、合并患有冠状动脉性心脏病、合并患有糖尿病和合并使用利尿药4个因素对注射用托拉塞米致低钾血症的发生有显著影响(P<0.05)。结论使用注射用托拉塞米前应充分评估患者的基础情况,加强对合并使用呋塞米等利尿药的患者的血钾及生命指标的监护,若发生低钾血症应及时予以纠正,保证临床用药的安全性。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of hypokalemia in hospitalized geriatric patients treating with torasemide for injection,and provide evidence for the safe application of torasemide for injection.Method A retrospective study was conducted in 155 inpatients in the department of Geriatric medicine who received toracemide for injection from January 2018 to June 2021.Univariate and logistic regression analysis was performed on the risk factors of hypokalemia.Result Among 155 cases,34 of those(21.93%)had hypokalemia.Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI,coronary heart disease and diabetes,combined use of diuretics had significant influence on the occurrence of hypokalemia caused by torasemide for injection(P<0.05).Conclusion Before using torasemide for injection,the basic conditions of patients should be fully evaluated,and the monitoring of blood potassium,vital indicators of patients with combined use of furosemide and other diuretics should be strengthened.If hypokalemia occurs,it should be corrected in time to ensure the safety of clinical medication.