双元文化时代的命运共同体构建:帕特里夏·格雷斯《月落》中的毛利女性形象

Construction of a Community with a Shared Future in the Biculturalism Era: On the Image of Māori Female in Patricia Grace’s Mutuwhenua

《月落》是第一部尝试从毛利人的视角出发描写毛利人与白人跨种族通婚且毛利文化在其中占据主导地位的新西兰小说。帕特里夏·格雷斯在这部小说中颠覆了长期以来殖民小说对毛利人的污名化书写,使毛利女性形象由他塑迈入了自塑的新时代。《月落》采用由内而外的视角,关注毛利姑娘里佩卡的精神成长,由此构建了一种圆型的毛利女性新形象。里佩卡这一形象隐喻多元文化主义论争和民族融合的议题,即新西兰的双元文化主义必须植根于文化平等的基础上,需要毛利人基于自身的信心与白人携手构建命运共同体。

Mutuwhenua: The Moon Sleeps is the first New Zealand novel describing the Māori-Pakeha marriage from Māori perspective,in which Māori culture dominates the interracial marriage. Patricia Grace subverts the long-standing writing of flat Māori characters by Pakeha writers,transforming the representation of Māori female image into a new stage of self-molding. From the perspective of“from inside out”,Mutuwhenua focuses on the mental transformation of Māori girl Ripeka,thus constructing a new image of round Māori women. Ripeka is a metaphor for the issue of multiculturalism and ethnic integration. It indicates that New Zealand’s biculturalism must be rooted in cultural equality,requiring the Māori and Pakeha to confidently build a community with a shared future.