黄土高原地区淤地坝现状分析

Current Situation of Warping Dams in the Loess Plateau

淤地坝是黄土高原地区一种行之有效的水土保持工程措施,在拦泥保土、减少入黄泥沙、防洪减灾、淤地造田、巩固退耕还林(草)、保障生态安全、促进粮食生产和水资源合理利用及经济社会稳定发展等方面发挥了重要作用,是黄土高原水土流失综合治理的关键措施之一。近年来,黄土高原局部地区强降雨时有发生,极端天气有所增加,淤地坝安全运用问题,尤其是特殊条件下的个别工程损毁案例,引起了政府和社会各界的高度关注。结合实例,从管理、实践角度客观总结分析了淤地坝工程的积极作用和存在的风险隐患及量级,提出了加强淤地坝建设及运行管理的措施。

Warping dam is an effective engineering measure for soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau. It has played a crucial role in the aspects of retaining mud and soil, reducing sediment entering the Yellow River, flood control and disaster reduction, warping up land for farmland, consolidating returning of farmland to forest(grass), ensuring ecological security, promoting food production, rational utilization of water resources and stable economic and social development, for it is one of the key measures for comprehensive control of soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau. In recent years, heavy rainfall has occurred in some parts of the Loess Plateau, and extreme weather has increased.The issue of safe operation of warping dam, especially the case of individual project damage under special conditions, has aroused great attention from government and all sectors of society. Combined with examples, the active role of warping dam project and existing potential risks with their magnitude were objectively summarized and analyzed, and measures to strengthen the construction and operation management of warping dams were proposed from the perspective of management and practice.