日本藏中国古代契约文书词语考释

An Analysis of the Words and Phrases in Ancient Chinese Contract Documents in Japan

日本所收藏的中国古代契约文书,包含了与土地典当、土地抵押、土地买卖等相关内容,其中,有些词语未被大型辞书所收录,或者虽有收录而释义不全。运用排比归纳、文献佐证等研究方法,结合具体语言环境,从词语考释和义项补充两个方面,对日本所藏中国古代契约文书中的“加叹”“力米”“吝壅”“雀米”“阡葬”“上首”“条漕”“风扇”“基地”“日”“色”“挽”等词语予以释读。对这些词语的释读,不仅有助于理解契约文书的文本内容,也可以为大型辞书的编纂提供相关语料。

Ancient Chinese contract documents collected by Japan contain contents related to land pawn,land mortgage,land sale,etc.Some of the words were not included in the large dictionaries,or were not fully interpreted.This paper uses induction,literature evidence and other research methods,using linguistics knowledge,combined with specific language environment,from the word interpretation and meaning of the Japanese collection of ancient Chinese contract documents“jiatan(加叹)”“limi(力米)”“linyong(吝壅)”“quemi(雀米)”“qianzang(阡葬)”“shangshou(上首)”“tiaocao(条漕)”“fengshan(风扇)”“jidi(基地)”“ri(日)”“se(色)”“wan(挽)”words to read.The examination and interpretation of these words is easy to understand the text content of the contract document,and it is also conducive to the compilation,supplement and improvement of large-scale dictionaries.