北宋馆阁文士的楷模——以范仲淹的“天下”观与“琴之道”为例

The Model of the Literati in the Northern Song Dynasty

范仲淹一生以天下为己任的言行,成为我国古代士大夫阶层的典范。自古及今人们评价其都以一种较为宽广的“天下”视角,推究其“天下”观的主旨,则与传统儒家修齐治平的要义完全一致。然其至为可贵者,坚守于心而付诸于行,贯穿始终而不离此道,则是范仲淹平生喜弹琴,师从崔遵度、唐异二位高士,“然平日只弹《履霜》一操”,旨在以此传播尧舜之音,践行其所持“鼓天地之和而和天下”的“琴之道”。考其“天下”观的旨归与“琴之道”的操守,二者并无二致,均属成仁成圣之途,由此堪称北宋馆阁文士的楷模。

The words and deeds of Fan Zhongyan who took the world as his own duty became the model of the scholastic class in ancient China. Since ancient times and today, people have evaluated it from a broader perspective of "the world". The gist of his view of "the world under heaven" is completely consistent with the essential meaning of the traditional Confucianism. However, it is the most valuable, stick to the heart and put into action, throughout and do not leave this way. In particular, Fan Zhongyan was fond of playing the piano in his whole life, and learned from Cui Zundu and Tang Yi, two eminent men. "However, he only played the" Frosting "on ordinary days, in order to spread the sound of Yao and Shun, and practice the" piano way "of "drumming the sum of heaven and earth and harmony with the world ". The purport of his view of "the world" and the conduct of "the way of Qin" are the same. They both belong to the way of becoming benevolence and sanctification. Therefore, they can be called the model of the literati in the Pavilion of the Northern Song Dynasty.