大麦成株期抗旱优良种质资源筛选

Screening of Excellent Drought-Resistant Germplasm Resources at the Adult Stage of Barley

干旱是影响青藏高原大麦生产的主要因素之一,筛选大麦成株期抗旱种质资源,可为培育抗旱大麦品种提供依据。本研究以16份大麦种质为材料,于2020年在西藏自治区林芝市设置正常灌水和干旱胁迫2个处理,测定有效穗数、单株生物量、株高、茎粗、穗长、主穗重、主穗粒数、千粒重和产量等性状指标,用抗旱系数(CD值)、综合抗旱系数(CDC值)、相关性分析、聚类分析对其进行成株期抗旱性鉴定。结果表明(1)干旱胁迫下,以上9个性状指标均受到影响,其中受影响较大的为产量、株高和单株生物量,平均值较灌水条件下分别下降了58.68 kg/hm^(2)、25.09 g和8.01 g;(2)相关性分析表明,有效穗数与单株生物量,主穗粒数和主穗重呈极显著正相关,产量与株高、千粒重呈显著正相关,茎粗与产量呈显著负相关;(3)根据CDC值进行聚类分析,将供试大麦材料依据抗旱性从强到弱分为3个抗旱等级,强抗旱3份,中度抗旱12份,敏感性材料1份。研究结果为大麦抗旱品种选育和抗旱机制研究提供了重要基础材料和理论参考。

Drought is one of the main factors affecting the production of barley on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and screening the drought-resistant germplasm resources of barley at the adult stage can provide a basis for the cultivation of drought-resistant barley varieties.In this study,based on 16 parts of barley germplasm as materials,in 2020,two treatments of normal irrigation and drought stress were set up in Nyingchi City,Tibet Autonomous Region,and the characteristics of effective panicle number,single plant biomass,plant height,stem thickness,panicle length,main panicle weight,main panicle grain number,1,000 grain weight and yield were identified by drought resistance coefficient(CD value),comprehensive drought resistance coefficient(CDC value),correlation analysis,and cluster analysis.The results showed that:(1)the above nine traits were affected under drought stress,of which yield,plant height and single plant biomass were more affected,and the average values decreased by 58.68 kg/hm^(2),25.09g and 8.01g respectively compared with irrigation conditions;(2)correlation analysis showed that the effective panicle number was significantly positively correlated with the biomass of a single plant,the number of main panicles and the number of main panicles,and the yield was significantly positively correlated with plant height and 1,000 grain weight;(3)according to the CDC value,the cluster analysis was carried out,and the barley material for testing was divided into 3 drought resistance grades according to drought resistance from strong to weak,3 strong drought resistance,12 moderate drought resistance,and 1 sensitive material.This research results provided important basic materials and theoretical references for the selection and breeding of drought-resistant barley varieties and the study of drought resistance mechanisms.