液氧甲烷发动机发展现状

Current State of LOX/Methane Engine Development

液氧甲烷发动机使用维护便捷、成本低、性能高,是重复使用火箭动力的发展方向。首先,介绍了液氧甲烷发动机的发展情况,包括美国的猛禽发动机和BE-4发动机、俄罗斯的RD-162发动机以及欧洲的普罗米修斯发动机等;总结了中国在液氧甲烷发动机领域的研究工作;介绍了蓝箭航天80吨级液氧甲烷发动机及200吨级液氧甲烷全流量补燃循环发动机。然后,分析了液化天然气中甲烷含量对液氧甲烷发动机的影响及火箭发动机用液化天然气的优选情况。最后,指出了液氧甲烷发动机的关键技术和发展方向,建议研发大推力重复使用液氧甲烷全流量补燃循环发动机。

Liquid oxygen methane engine is the development direction of reusable rocket power which has the advantages of convenient operation and maintenance,low cost and high performance.In this paper,the development of LOX/methane engines were introduced,including the Raptor engine and BE-4 engine of America,the RD-162 engine of Russia and the Prometheus engine of Europe.Then the emphasis was put on the development of the 80 t-level LOX/methane engine of Landspace and the 200 t-level LOX/methane full flow staged combustion cycle engine of China.The influence of methane content in the liquefied natural gas(LNG)on LOX/methane engine was studied and the optimization of LNG used in rocket engine was introduced.In addition,the key technologies and the development direction of LOX/methane engine were pointed out.In the end,the development of high-thrust reusable LOX/methane engine in full flow staged combustion cycle was suggested.