205份小扁豆种质农艺性状的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Agronomic Traits of 205 Lens culinaris Medik Germplasms

采用大田种植,在小扁豆成熟期对株高、主茎节数、分枝数、结荚节位、单株荚数、单株粒数、单荚粒数、单株产量、荚长、百粒重等10个性状,采用变异性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析的统计方法,对收集的国内外205份小扁豆种质资源进行综合评价。结果显示,这些资源农艺性状的变异系数从大到小依次为单株荚数、单株产量、结荚节位、单株粒数、分枝数、百粒重、株高、主茎节数、单荚粒数、荚长。10个农艺性状间存在不同程度的相关性。主成分分析表明,前3个主成分特征值均大于1,累计贡献率大于60.41%。其中,第1主成分主要与单株荚数、单株产量相关,第2主成分主要与株高、分支数、主茎节数、百粒重、荚长、单荚粒数、结荚节位相关,第3主成分主要与单株粒数相关。聚类分析将205份种质在遗传距离为30时分为六大类。筛选出42份单株荚数多、单株粒数多、单荚粒数多、单株产量高、百粒重高的种质。

Through the field experiment,205 Lens culinaris Medik.germplasms collected from home and abroad were evaluated comprehensively by the statistical methods of variability analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis,including plant height,main stem section number,branch number,podding section,pod number per,grain number per plan,single pod grain number,single pod yield,pod length,hundred-grain weigh.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of agronomic traits of these germplasm resources ranged from large to small:pod number,yield per plant,podding section,grain number per plant,pods of branches,hundred-grain weight,plant height,main stem section number,single pod grain number,pod length.There were different degrees of correlation among 10 agronomic traits.Principal component analysis showed that the eigenvalues of the first three principal components were all greater than 1,and the cumulative contribution rate was greater than 60.41%.The first principal component was mainly related to pod number and yield per plant.The second component was mainly related to plant height,branch number,main stem section number,hundred-grain weight,pod length,single pod grain number and podding section.The third component was mainly related to grain number per plant.Cluster analysis divided 205 germplasm into 6 groups at genetic distance of 30.42 germplasms with more pods per plant,more seeds per plant,more seeds per pod,higher yield per plant and heavier hundred-grain were screened.