异位发酵床技术在养殖粪污处理中的应用及其影响机制的研究进展

Advances in the Performance and Regulation Mechanism of Ectopic Fermentation System in the Treatment of Livestock and Poultry Wastes

畜禽粪污的有效处理和资源化利用是实现农业农村碳中和的重要方式。异位发酵床技术是一种在养殖舍外独立发酵槽中铺设垫料,收集并发酵处理养殖粪污的技术,其有效避免了传统发酵床因与动物直接接触而产生的潜在负面影响,同时显著提高了污染物处理效率。目前该技术在国内外广泛应用于畜禽粪污的处理,在同步实现粪污的消纳和肥料化利用方面发挥了重要作用。本文就近年来异位发酵床技术在畜禽粪污处理中的应用效果进行综述,深入介绍了其作用效果的影响机制,并提出未来研究展望,为该技术进一步在养殖粪污处理中的应用提供技术参考。

The effective treatment and resource utilization of livestock and poultry wastes(manure and wastewater) is an important way to achieve carbon neutralization in agriculture and rural areas. An ectopic fermentation system(EFS) is established by an impounding reservoir mixed with padding comprising agro-industrial residues and worked dynamically by the successive supplementation of the collected livestock and poultry wastes. The EFS was more advanced than common fermentation bed systems due to its improvement of pollutant treatment efficiency and less adverse impact on animal growth performance caused by “animal-on-litter” interaction. Recently, the EFS has widely used in the treatment of livestock and poultry wastes and plays an important role in realizing the simultaneous elimination and fertilization of wastes. In this paper,the fermentation performance and its regulation mechanism of EFS in the treatment of livestock and poultry wastes were discussed and related suggestions for future research directions were also put forward. It is hoped to provide useful reference for the application and development of EFS in the treatment of livestock and poultry wastes.