2017—2021年富顺县8~10岁儿童碘营养调查结果分析

Survey results of iodine nutrition level in children aged 8 to 10 years old in Fushun County from 2017 to 2021

目的了解富顺县8~10岁儿童碘营养状况。方法2017—2021年均按照东、西、南、北、中5个方位各随机抽取1个乡(镇、街道)的小学,每个学校采集40名8~10岁儿童家中盐样、尿样,检测碘含量,2017年和2020年对儿童进行甲状腺容积B超检测。率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,中位数比较采用秩和检验,均数比较采用方差分析,盐碘与尿碘水平的关联性分析采用Spearman秩相关分析,检验水准α=0.05。结果2017—2021年共调查8~10岁儿童1001名,2017—2021年尿碘中位数分别为225.0μg/L、196.8μg/L、161.8μg/L、164.1μg/L和195.1μg/L;采集儿童家中食用盐样品1001份,其中非碘盐9份,2017—2021年合格碘盐覆盖率分别为92.0%、98.5%、92.0%、97.5%和97.5%;2017年和2020年共对其中401名儿童进行甲状腺容积B超检测,2017年和2020年富顺县8~10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率分别为2.00%和1.00%,甲状腺肿大率与年龄、地区和性别无关,但不同尿碘水平下甲状腺容积差异具有统计学意义。结论富顺县8~10岁儿童碘营养处于适宜水平,但需进一步加强碘营养监测。

Objective To understand the current iodine nutritional status of children aged 8 to 10years old in Fushun County.Methods One primary school of each town was randomly chosen according to five directions from 2017 to 2021:east,west,south,north and middle.Home salt samples and urine samples were collected from 40 children aged 8 to 10 in each school for iodine content detection.Thyroid volume of children was examined by B-ultrasound in 2017 and 2020.Chisquare test was used to compare the rates.Rank sum test was used to compare medians.Analysis of variance was used to compare the mean values.Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between salt iodine and urinary iodine levels.The test level wasα=0.05.Results A total of 1001 children aged 8 to 10 years were investigated from 2017 to 2021.The medians of urinary iodine were 225.0μg/l,196.8μg/l,161.8μg/l,164.1μg/l,195.1μg/l from 2017to 2020,respectively.A total of 1001 edible salt samples from children’s homes were collected,including 9 non-iodized salt samples.The coverage rates of qualified iodized salt were 92.0%,98.5%,92.0%,97.5%and 97.5%from 2017 to 2020,respectively.In 2017 and 2020,a total of401 children were examined by B-ultrasound for thyroid volume,and the goiter rates were 2.00%and 1.00%in Fushun County,respectively.The rate of goiter was not related to age,region,or gender,but the difference of thyroid volume under different urinary iodine levels was statistically significant.Conclusions The iodine nutrition level of children aged 8-10 years old was appropriate in Fushun County,but the monitoring of iodine nutrition needs to be further strengthened.