地震遗存建筑保护与再利用研究——以开滦矿务局九号洋房为例

Conservation and Reuse of Earthquake Remaining Buildings:Taking the No.9 Villa of Kailuan Mining Bureau as an Example

地震遗存建筑是研究震前城市风貌、探索历史事件及社会发展的载体。19世纪末,洋务企业“开滦矿务局”建造的九号洋房是唐山大地震遗存建筑和国家工业遗产,具有极高的考察和保护价值。但目前洋房被闲置,现有保护存在不足,且既往研究中仅将其简要概述,缺乏系统性的深入研究和价值评价。文章以九号洋房为研究对象,首先,以访谈法、测绘法所得信息为依据,阐述建筑的历史沿革和建筑特征;其次,构建价值评价体系,运用问卷法、层次分析法、模糊综合评价法和统计学软件获取并计算数据;最后,分析评估结果并总结核心价值。希冀能为研究洋务运动时期建筑和近代工业建筑提供信息,为挖掘九号洋房保护中的不足和再利用的途径提供参考。

The No.9 Villa,built by the Kailuan Mining Bureau in the late 19th century,is one of the surviving buildings of the Tangshan Earthquake and a national industrial heritage site,and is of great value for study and conservation.However,the house is currently idle and the existing conservation is inadequate,and the existing studies only give a brief overview of it,lacking systematic and in-depth research and value evaluation.The paper firstly,based on the information obtained from interview and mapping methods,describes the historical history and architectural characteristics;secondly,it constructs the value evaluation system,using questionnaire,AHP,FCE and statistical software to obtain and calculate data;finally,it analyzes the evaluation results and summarizes the core values.It is hoped that it can provide information for the study of the architecture of the foreign affairs movement period,modern industrial period and the pre-earthquake,and to provide reference for exploring the shortcomings in the conservation of the No.9 Villa and the ways to reuse it.