南疆农业节水潜力与措施分析

Analysis of agricultural water saving potential and measures in southern Xinjiang

通过对新疆南疆地区水资源、蓄水工程、灌区状况及农业节水现状的调查梳理,总结研判南疆农业节水存在的主要问题,并对当前节水面临的形势及农业节水潜力进行分析研究,提出构建包括开源、节流、增效三部分措施在内的新时代南疆农业节水体系。“开源”即新建山区水库增加调蓄库容、山区水库替代平原水库功能改造、加大微咸水使用力度;“节流”即应用现代“坎儿井”模式,对骨干渠系进行防渗改造和管道化能力提升;“增效”即兴建高标准农田、推广“干播湿出”等农艺节水措施、调整种植业结构、精细化管理和深化农业水价综合改革等深度节水控水措施,以期达到“节水控用、节水保安、节水增绿、节水提效”的目标。

Through the investigation and sorting out of water resources,water storage projects,irrigation areas and the status quo of agricultural water saving in southern Xinjiang,the main problems of agricultural water saving in southern Xinjiang are summarized and judged,and the current situation of water saving and the potential of agricultural water saving is analyzed.In the research,it is proposed that“open source”means building new mountain reservoirs to increase storage capacity,replacing plain reservoirs with functional transformation of mountain reservoirs,and increasing the use of brackish water;anti-seepage transformation and improvement of pipeline capacity;“efficiency increase”means building high-standard farmland,promoting agronomic water-saving measures such as“dry sowing and wet out”,adjusting planting industry structure,fine-tuning management and deepening agricultural water price reform and other in-depth watersaving control In order to achieve the goals of“water saving and control,water saving and security,water saving and greening,and water saving and improving efficiency”,we will systematically build a new era of agricultural water saving system in southern Xinjiang.