农药残留降解技术研究现状

Research Status and Progress of Pesticide Residue Degradation

农药对农业生产和发展起着举足轻重的作用,但是同时也造成了一定的危害,如农药残留引发的污染问题。现阶段降解农药残留的方法主要包括物理方法如应用洗涤、超声波技术、电离辐射和夹带法等;化学方法如应用水解、氧化分解和光化学降解等;生物方法如微生物降解、酶降解和工程菌降解等。微生物降解作为现阶段的热门技术,可为农药残留降解技术提供支撑,为解决农产品和环境中农药污染奠定基础。

Pesticides play an important role in agricultural production and development,but they also cause certain harm,such as pollution caused by agricultural residues.At present,the methods for degradation of pesticide residues mainly include physical methods such as washing,ultrasonic technology,ionizing radiation and entrainment;chemical methods such as hydrolysis,oxidative decomposition and photochemical degradation;biological methods such as microbial degradation,enzyme degradation and engineering bacteria degradation.Microbial degradation,as a popular technology at this stage,can provide support for pesticide residue degradation technology and lay a foundation for solving pesticide pollution in agricultural products and the environment.