适宜毕节烤烟的打叶留茎技术筛选与研究

Screening and Research on Leaf-cutting and Stem-retention Techniques Suitable for Flue-cured Tobaccos in Bijie

[目的]为筛选适宜毕节烟区最优的打叶留茎技术。[方法]以烤烟品种云烟87为材料,采用随机区组试验设计方法,比较分析不同留叶数水平下打叶留茎打顶方式与常规方式的烟叶产质量、化学成分和感官质量差异。[结果]第10叶位叶面积以留叶数14片常规打顶(A1)最优,留叶数18片打叶留4个节位茎秆(C3)最差。产量以留叶数18片打叶留4个节位茎秆(C3)最高,产值、上等烟比例和均价则以留叶数16片打叶留2节位茎秆(B2)最优,以留叶数14片常规打顶(A1)最差。主要化学成分协调性以留叶数16片打叶留2节位茎秆(B2)最好,以留叶数14片常规打顶(A1)最差。感官质量评吸得分以留叶数16片打叶留2节位、4节位茎秆(B2、B3)最好,以留叶数14片常规打顶(A1)最差。[结论]留叶数16片打叶留2个节位茎秆和4节位秸秆组合较好。

[Objective]In order to screen the best leaf-cutting and stem-retaining technology suitable for Bijie tobacco area.[Method]With flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 as the research material,randomized block experiment design was adopted to analyze the difference in leaf quality and yield,chemical component and sensory quality between conventional method and leaf-cutting and stem-retention method under different remained leaves.[Result]The best leaf area at 10th leaf position and leaf area at top third leaf position were 14 conventional topping leaves(A1),and the worst leaf area at 18 conventional topping leaves were 4 node stem(C3).The highest yield was obtained with 18 leaves and 4 internodes(C3);The production value,the proportion of superior tobacco and the average price were the best in 16 th topping leaves and 2-node stem(B2),and the worst in 14 conventional topping leaves(A1).Main chemical composition coordination leaves 16 topping leaves 2 node stem(B2)best,with leaves 14 conventional topping(A1)worst.Sensory quality evaluation score,with the number of leaves remaining 16 leaves remaining 2 nodes,4 nodes stem(B2,B3)best,with the number of leaves remaining 14 conventional topping(A1)worst.[Conclusion]In general,the combination of 16 leaves with 2 nodes and 4 nodes was better.