赣南地区不同花生品种比较研究

Comparative Study of Different Peanut Varieties in Gannan Region

旨在筛选出适应江西赣南区域的优良花生品种(品系),为赣南区花生产业健康持续发展奠定材料基础。试验选取9个花生品种(品系)为试验材料,在大田环境下对其产量、主要农艺性状、主要病害、抗逆性进行比较研究。研究结果表明,在出苗率方面,昌花2号出苗率显著低于其余品种(品系),为87.00%,其余8个品种(品系)出苗率均在93%以上,且无显著差异。在产量方面,桂花42产量最高,为5047.05 kg/hm^(2),其次为昌花18号。在农艺性状方面,桂花42、昌花2号、贺油752、虔油D77花生品种(品系)总分枝数和结果分枝数较高。桂花红136、昌花18号2个品种花生秕果数较少。在主要病害方面,锈病在9个花生品种(品系)中均表现为轻感;在叶斑病方面,桂花42表现为中抗,其余均表现为轻感。在抗旱与抗涝性方面,9个花生品种(品系)多数表现较好,无明显差异。综上研究表明,桂花42综合表现较好,具有较好的潜在推广价值。

This experiment was conducted to screen out excellent peanut varieties(strains)in Gannan region of Jiangxi Province,so as to lay a material foundation for the healthy and sustainable development of peanut industry in the Gannan region.The yield,main agronomic characters,main diseases and stress resistance of nine peanut varieties(strains)were studied in the field environment.The results showed that in terms of seedling emergence rate,the emergence rate of Changhua 2 was 87.00%,which was significantly lower than other 8 varieties(lines),and the emergence rates of the other 8 varieties(lines)were above 93%,and there were no significant difference among them.In terms of yield,the yield of Guihua 42 was of 5047.05 kg/hm^(2),which was the highest yield among 9 nine varieties,followed with Changhua 18.In terms of agronomic traits,Guihua 42,Changhua 2,Heyou 752 and Qianyou D77 cultivars had higher total and fruit branch numbers.Guihuahong 136 and Changhua 18 had relatively fewer blighted fruit.In terms of main diseases,rust was mild in 9 peanut varieties(lines).Guihua 42 showed moderate resistance to leaf spot,and the others showed mild disease.In drought resistance and water-logging resistance,most of the peanut varieties(strains)had better performance,and there was no obvious difference among them.In conclusion,Guihua 42 had good comprehensive performance and good potential popularization value.