蚯蚓粪有机肥对葡萄园土壤理化性状的影响

Effect of Earthworm Manure on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Vineyards

[目的]研究蚯蚓粪有机肥对土壤肥力及土壤理化性状的影响。[方法]采用物理烘干法测定土壤含水率;利用重铬酸钾容量法-外热法、半微量开氏法、钼锑抗比色法、酸溶-火焰光度计法对土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾测定;用pH计、浸提法和电导法、铵盐交换法对土壤pH、电导率、阳离子交换量测定。[结果]施用蚯蚓粪有机肥土壤的含水率、pH、全氮量、全钾量、阳离子交换量显著高于普通有机肥+化肥土壤,全磷量与有机质含量与普通有机肥+化肥土壤相近,电导率显著降低;蚯蚓粪有机肥土壤较蚯蚓粪+化肥土壤,土壤含水率、pH、全氮量、全磷量、全钾量、电导率、阳离子交换量显著升高,有机质含量相近。[结论]蚯蚓粪有机肥显著影响葡萄园土壤理化性质,提高了土壤保水保肥性,缓解了土壤酸化和盐渍化,在一定程度上提高了土壤肥力。

[Objective]To study the effect of earthworm manure on soil fertility and soil physical and chemical properties.[Method]The soil moisture content was determined by physical drying method.Soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium were determined by potassium dichromate volumetric method-external heating method,semi-micro Kelvin method,molybdenum antimony colorimetric method and acid dissolution-flame photometer method.The pH,conductivity and cation exchange capacity of soil were measured by pH meter,extraction method,conductivity method and ammonium salt exchange method.[Result]The water content,pH,total nitrogen content,total potassium content and cation exchange capacity of soil with earthworm manure organic fertilizer were significantly higher than those of soil with common organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer,and the total phosphorus content and organic matter content were similar to those of soil with common organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer,but the electrical conductivity was significantly lower.Compared with earthworm manure+chemical fertilizer soil,the soil moisture content,pH,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,electrical conductivity and cation exchange capacity of earthworm manure+chemical fertilizer soil were significantly higher,and the organic matter content was similar.[Conclusion]Earthworm manure significantly affects the physical and chemical properties of vineyard soil,improves soil water and fertilizer retention,alleviates soil acidification and salinization,and improves soil fertility to a certain extent.