中国0~18岁人群特应性皮炎患病率及影响因素的meta分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of atopic dermatitis in people aged 0-18 years in China:a Meta-analysis

目的:系统评价我国0~18岁人群特应性皮炎患病情况。方法:计算机检索数据库(中国知网、万方、维普、SinoMed、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library),搜集我国0~18岁人群特应性皮炎患病率及影响因素相关的文献至2022年3月8日。由两位研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料及质量评价,对符合标准的文献采用Stata 16.0及Revman 5.4.1软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入29篇研究,包括182656例研究对象,男66502人,女63437人。Meta分析结果显示,中国0~18岁人群特应性皮炎总患病率11%[95%CI(9%,12%)]。各影响因素合并值为:家族过敏史[OR=2.6,95%CI(2.41,2.8)]、年龄[OR=0.89,95%CI(0.85,0.94)]、性别[OR=1.63,95%CI(1.12,2.3)]、父母文化程度高[OR=1.62,95%CI(1.39,1.90)]、孕期母亲吸烟[OR=1.72,95%CI(1.49,2.00)]、怀孕前或孕期装修房屋[OR=0.92,95%CI(0.45,1.87)]、儿童出生后半年内装修[OR=1.86,95%CI(1.41,2.47)]、房间有地毯[OR=1.87,95%CI(1.24,2.82)]、居住地发霉[OR=1.75,95%CI(1.37,2.25)]、家庭收入[OR=0.87,95%CI(0.45,1.67)]、生产方式[OR=3.33,95%CI(0.73,15.30)]、母乳喂养[OR=1.57,95%CI(0.49,4.99)]、饲养宠物[OR=1.83,95%CI(1.16,2.89)]、毛绒玩具[OR=1.51,95%CI(1.24,1.85)]、有过敏性哮喘史[OR=1.66,95%CI(1.53,1.81)]、有过敏性鼻炎史[OR=2.52,95%CI(2.29,2.76)]。结论:当前证据表明,我国0~18岁人群特应性皮炎总患病率较高,家族过敏史、父母文化程度高、孕期母亲吸烟、怀孕前或孕期或儿童出生后装修房屋、房间有地毯、居住地发霉、饲养宠物、毛绒玩具、过敏性鼻炎史、过敏性哮喘史是发生特应性皮炎的主要危险因素。

Objective:To systematically review the prevalence of atopic dermatitis(AD)in Chinese population aged 0-18 years.Methods:A computer search was conducted on CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,SinoMed,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and The Cochrane Library.The literature on The prevalence and influencing factors of atopic dermatitis in children aged 0-18 years in China was collected until March 2022.Two researchers independently screened literatures,extracted data and evaluated their quality.Meta-analysis was performed on literatures that met the criteria using Stata 16.0 and Revman 5.4.1 software.Results:a total of 29 studies were included,including 182,656 subjects(66,502 males and 63,437 females).Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Chinese children aged 0-18 years was 11%[95%CI(9%,12%)].The combined values of the influencing factors were:Family history of allergy[OR=2.6,95%CI(2.41,2.8)],age[OR=0.89,95%CI(0.85,0.94)],gender[OR=1.63,95%CI(1.12,2.3)],parents'cultural degree is high[OR=1.62,95%CI(1.39,1.90)],maternal smoking during pregnancy[OR=1.72,95%CI(1.49,2.00)],pregnancy before OR during pregnancy to decorate houses[OR=0.92,95%CI(0.45,1.87)],children born in the second decoration[OR=1.86,95%CI(1.41,2.47)],room carpet[OR=1.87,95%CI(1.24,2.82)],where mold[OR=1.75,95%CI(1.37,2.25)],family income[OR=0.87,95%CI(0.45,1.67)],mode of production[OR=3.33,95%CI(0.73,15.30)],breastfeeding[OR=1.57,95%CI(0.49,4.99)],raising pets[OR=1.83,95%CI(1.16,2.89)],plush toys[OR=1.51,95%CI(1.24,1.85)],history of allergic asthma[OR=1.66,95%CI(1.53,1.81)],has a history of allergic rhinitis[OR=2.52,95%CI(2.29,2.76)].Conclusions:Current evidence shows that the overall prevalence of AD in people aged 0-18 years is high in China,family history of allergies,parents'cultural degree is high,maternal smoking during pregnancy,pregnancy before or during pregnancy or decorate building,room carpet after birth,place of residence mildewy,pets,plush toys,history of allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma is a major risk factor in atopic dermatitis.