司法政治研究范式的检视与重塑——以司法与意识形态的关系分析为视点

Examination and Reconstruction of Research Paradigm of Judicial Politics——From the Viewpoint of Analysis of Relationship Between Judiciary and Ideology

司法政治是以司法的政治维度及其运转逻辑为考察对象的跨学科研究,研究范式在司法政治研究领域具有重要的认识论价值和方法论意义。以国内学界在司法与意识形态关系问题上的研究成果检视,可以看出国内司法政治研究的范式大体分化出“泛意识形态”的嵌入型范式、“去意识形态”的自治型范式、“辩证关系”的互动型范式三种主要类型。整体上看,国内司法政治研究范式意识自发而不甚自觉、范式分化不足且精细化不够。梳理当代中国政法理论发展与政法实践演进历程,可以发现国内既有范式之间呈现出一种演变转换态势:嵌入型范式因时过境迁而日渐式微,自治型范式虽可圈可点但矫枉过正,互动型范式稍显粗泛但日趋主流。面向当代中国、植根政法实践、借鉴域外经验,交互型范式是一种更富前景也更为妥当的优化方案。

Judicial politics is an interdisciplinary research field focusing on the political dimension and operation logic of judiciary, in which analysis paradigm has great epistemological value and methodological significance. Based on the research results of domestic academic circle on the relationship between justice and ideology, it can be seen that the paradigm of domestic judicial politics generally divides into three types: the embedded paradigm of “pan-ideology”, the autonomous paradigm of “de-ideology” and the interactive paradigm of “dialectical relationship”. However, on the whole, the self-consciousness of domestic judicial politics research paradigms are not enough, and their differentiation and refinement are insufficient. By combing the development of contemporary China’s politics-law theories and practice, we can find that there is a transformation trend among several main paradigms in China: the embedded paradigm is declining due to the passage of time, the autonomous paradigm is commendable but over corrected, and the interactive paradigm is a little general but increasingly in the mainstream. Facing contemporary China, rooted in politics-law practice and learning from foreign experience, the interactive paradigm is a more promising and appropriate optimization scheme.