基于预言机和零知识证明的区块链数据上链方案

Blockchain Data Uploading Scheme Based on Oracle and Zero-Knowledge Proof

区块链上的数据分为链上数据和链下数据。区块链系统凭借其共识机制和密码学相关技术保障了链上数据的真实性和可靠性,但是对于链下数据却缺乏保障机制。一旦不可信数据源提供的污染数据实现数据上链,将会给基于区块链的信息系统带来严重的数据安全隐患。在基于区块链的碳排放机制应用场景下,提出了一种基于预言机和零知识证明的区块链数据上链方案,通过零知识证明实现在不透露数据源碳排放量具体数值情况下提交碳排放量合规性证明,采用门限签名机制实现多个预言机对同一数据源的可信性评估,进一步提高数据源可信性。实验结果表明,加入零知识证明算法后,虽然运行效率降低,但极大地增强了数据的隐私安全性,在数据可用不可见的前提下,保证了数据的可用性。

The data on the blockchain is divided into on-chain data and off-chain data. Blockchain system guarantees the authenticity and reliability of on-chain data with its consensus mechanism and cryptography-related technologies,but lacks a guarantee mechanism for off-chain data. Once the data provided by untrusted data sources is uploaded to the chain,it will bring serious data security risks to the blockchain-based information system. In the application scenario of blockchain-based carbon emission mechanism,this paper proposes a blockchain data on-chain scheme based on oracle machine and zeroknowledge proof. Through zero-knowledge proof,the carbon emission compliance certificate can be submitted without disclosing the carbon emission of the data source. The threshold signature mechanism is used to realize the credibility evaluation of the same data source by multiple oracles,and further improve the credibility of the data source. The experimental results indicate that the inclusion of the zero-knowledge proof algorithm greatly enhances the privacy security of the data,although the operation efficiency is reduced. Under the premise that the data is available and invisible,the availability of the data is guaranteed.