基于正交试验对铜基轴瓦材料金相组织影响因素研究

Study on Influence Factors of Metallographic Organization of Copper-Based Bearing Material Based on Orthogonal Test

当前,随着我国造船和汽车工业的不断发展,对发动机功率和转速指标以及轴瓦等耐磨零件都提出了更高的要求。为此,文章从粉末的化学成分、物理性能、初烧升温速度、初烧温度、一次轧制密度、复烧温度、烧结时间等方面对影响铜基轴瓦材料金相组织的因素进行了研究。结果表明:若要得到较为理想的显微组织,宜选择铅含量低且锡含量高、粒度分布窄且细颗粒占比多的合金成分,升温速度宜控制在70℃/min左右,且需在初烧温度为820℃、轧制密度为8.5 g/cm^(3)、复烧温度为830℃的条件下生产。同时,生产过程中要尽量减少烧结时间,在保证合金致密化的同时提高生产效率。

Currently,with the booming of China’s shipbuilding and automobile industry,higher requirements are put forward for engine power and speed indexes as well as wear-resistant parts such as bearing shells.To this end,the article aims to investigate the factors affecting the metallographic organization of copper-based bearing materials in terms of chemical composition of the powder,physical properties,initial firing heat-up rate,initial firing temperature,primary rolling density,re-firing temperature and sintering time.The results show that to obtain the ideal micro-structure,it’s desirable to choose the alloy composition with low lead content and high tin content,narrow particle size distribution and a large proportion of fine particles,and the temperature should be controlled at about 70℃/min,the initial firing temperature of 820℃,the rolling density of 8.5 g/cm^(3)and re-firing temperature at 830℃.At the same time,the sintering time should be minimized to improve production efficiency while ensuring the density of the alloy.