基于光电催化的硫化氢高值利用研究进展

Research Progress of High-value Utilization of Hydrogen Sulfide Based on Photoelectrocatalysis

油气田的开采和石油化工的生产过程中存在大量剧毒硫化氢(H_(2)S)气体。传统处理H_(2)S的方法是克劳斯工艺,该工艺只能提取H_(2)S中的硫元素,潜在的氢能直接以水的形式排放,从而造成巨大的能源浪费。因此,开发与设计出能够实现硫化氢高值利用的新技术已迫在眉睫。光电催化技术是一种能够实现将硫化氢同时转化为氢能与硫化工产品的新型绿色低碳技术,目前已被广泛研究。然而,光电催化H_(2)S走向实际应用的挑战主要在于开发抗硫毒化的高活性光电催化材料和调控硫氧化反应实现高附加值产品的定向转化。因此,本文从光电催化H_(2)S的反应原理、反应类型、高活性H_(2)S分解光电材料构筑策略和H_(2)S耦合利用四方面进行概述,指出目前光电催化H_(2)S高值利用研究体系存在的问题并对未来发展方向进行了展望,以期为光电催化H_(2)S高值利用的发展提供参考。

Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)is a toxic gas widely generated in oil and gas fields and the petrochemical industry.The traditional Claus process not only consumes avast amount of energy but also does not reclaim the hydrogen energy stored in H_(2)S.Hence it is imminent to design new technology to achieve the high-value utilization of H_(2)S.Photoelectrocatalysis is a green and low-carbon technology that realizes the simultaneous conversion of H_(2)S into hydrogen energy and sulfur chemical products.However,the development of photoelectrocatalysts with high activity and poisoning resistance and value-added chemicals product obtained from the sulfur oxidation reaction are still tremendous challenges.Therefore,this review introduces the reaction principle,reaction types,photoelectrocatalyst design strategies,and H_(2)S coupling reaction systems.The research challenges and prospects associated with the photoelectrocatalytic splitting of H_(2)S are also provided,thus providing guidance to researchers in this field.