陕西黄河湿地自然保护区植物群落及种类资源研究

Plant Community and Species Diversity of Shaanxi Yellow River Wetland Nature Reserve

为指导陕西黄河湿地省级自然保护区管理和利用,对该保护区植物群落类型及植物物种多样性进行了研究,结果为天然植物群落类型有森林沼泽即旱柳—芦苇—浮萍群落(Ass.Salix matsudana-Phragmites australis-Lemna minor),灌丛沼泽即杠柳—细叶艾群落(Ass.Periploca sepium-Artemisia argyi var.gracilis),芦苇沼泽(Ass.Phragmites australis)、芦苇—香蒲—浮萍沼泽(Ass.Phragmites australis-Typha orientalis-Lemna minor)等草本沼泽群落,浮萍群落(Ass.Lemna minor)、荇菜群落(Ass.Nymphoides peltatum)、龙须眼子菜群落(Ass.Potamogeton pectinatus)、茨藻群落(Ass.Najas marina)等浅水湿地植物群落,柽柳—碱蓬群落(Ass.Tamarix chinensis-Suaeda glauca)、柽柳—齿果酸模群落(Ass.Tamarix chinensis-Rumex dentatus)等盐沼植物群落;人工植物群落主要有加拿大杨树(Populus canadensis)林、刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)林等;有高等植物91科282属437种,其中,苔藓植物有9科10属13种,蕨类植物有7科7属12种,种子植物有75科265属412种。

In order to guide the management and development of the Yellow River Wetland Nature Reserve in Shaanxi Province,the types of plant communities and plant species diversity in the reserve were studied.The result showed that natural plant communities includes forest swamp,that is,Salix matsudana-Phragmites australis-Lemna minor community;shrub swamp,that is,Periploca sepium-Artemisia argyi var.gracilis community;emersiherbosa,that is,Phragmites australis swamp,Phragmites australis-Typha orientalis-Lemna minor community;wetland plant communit involving Lemna minor,Nymphoides peltatum,Potamogeton pectinatus and Najas marina;salt marsh plant community involving Tamarix chinensis-Suaeda glauca,Tamarix chinensis-Rumex dentatus.The artificial plant communities mainly include Populus Canadensis and Robinia pseudoacacia.There are higher plant of 437 species,282 genera and 91 families,of which 13 species of10 genera and 9 families are bryophyte,12 species of 7 genera of 7 families are pteridophyte,and 412 species of 265 genera of 75 families are spermatophyte.