三亚国家森林城市建设总体规划与实施策略

The Overall Planning of National Forest City of Sanya

为构建优良的生态环境、优美的自然景观、“山-水-城-海”相融的城市空间结构,进一步提升三亚城市森林生态服务和景观美化功能,分析评价了三亚市森林资源、城区绿地、湿地资源状况及存在的问题,参照国家森林城市评价的36个指标分析比较得出,三亚市国家城市森林29项已达标,6个指标待建,仅1个指标——乡村公园未达标;存在的主要问题是森林生态格局仍需优化、城乡生态福利有待提升、文化宣传手段需要丰富、生态文明体制需要完善;三亚市森林城市建设规划为三区:北部天然生态保育区4.48万公顷、占全市国土总面积23.37%,应围绕天然林保护,重点加强自然保护区、保护小区和森林公园建设;南部沿海防护屏障区总面积3.55万公顷、占全市国土总面积18.5%,应以基干防护林带建设为主体、红树林湿地生态系统恢复为重点,构建沿海防护林体系;中部多彩休闲产业区总面积11.17万公顷、占全市国土总面积58.1%,应大力发展高效益人工经济林。

In order to build an excellent ecological environment, beautiful natural landscape, urban spatial structure integrating “mountain, water, city and sea”, and further improve the function of urban forest ecological service and landscape beautify in Sanya, the status and existing problems of forest resources, urban green space and wetland resources in Sanya were analyzed and evaluated. Compared with 36 indicators of national forest city evaluation, 29 indicators of national urban forest in Sanya City have been reached, 6 indicators are to be met soon, and only one indicator——rural park is not up to the standard. The main problems are that the forest ecological pattern still needs to be optimized, urban and rural ecological welfare needs to be improved, cultural publicity means need to be enriched, and ecological civilization system needs to be improved. The forest city construction plan of Sanya City is divided into three areas: the northern natural ecological conservation area of 44,800 hm~2, accounting for 23.37% of the total land area of the city, should focus on the protection of natural forests, strengthen the construction of nature reserves, protection communities and forest parks. The southern coastal protection barrier area covers a total area of 35,500 hm2, accounting for 18.5% of the city’s total land area. A coastal protection forest system should be built with the basic shelterbelt as the main body and the restoration of mangrove wetland ecosystem as the focus. The central colorful leisure industrial area covers a total area of 11,700 hm~2, accounting for 58.1% of the total land area of the city, and therefore, should be focused on plantations of high efficiency and economic values.