2017—2021年苏州市流行性腮腺炎流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of mumps in Suzhou City from 2017 to 2021

目的分析苏州市2017—2021年流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征,为进一步制定流行性腮腺炎防治措施提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2017—2021年苏州市报告的流行性腮腺炎临床确诊病例,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果2017—2021年苏州市共报告流行性腮腺炎病例6690例,年平均发病率为8.55/10万。2017—2019年流行性腮腺炎年平均发病率为9.09/10万,2020—2021年平均发病率较之有所降低,为7.87/10万(χ^(2)=14.07,P<0.05)。4—6月以及10—12月为发病高峰。2017—2021年发病率最高的地区为太仓市,其次为常熟市、吴中区。男性年平均发病率为9.98/10万,高于女性的6.90/10万(χ^(2)=44.08,P<0.05)。发病人群以学生、幼托儿童、散居儿童为主,分别占报告病例总数的46.08%、35.00%、8.89%。结论自2020年以后,苏州市流行性腮腺炎发病率有所下降,接种2剂次麻腮风疫苗可有效减少并推迟流腮的发生。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Suzhou City from 2017 to 2021,so as to provide scientific evidence for further formulation of mumps prevention and control measures.Methods The data of clinically confirmed cases of mumps reported in Suzhou City from 2017 to 2021 were collected from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results From 2017 to2021,a total of 6690 cases of mumps were reported in Suzhou City,with an average annual incidence of 8.55/105.The average annual incidence of mumps from 2017 to 2019 was 9.09/105,which decreasecl to 7.87/105from 2020 to 2021(χ^(2)=14.07,P<0.05).The peak incidences were from April to June and from October to December.The area with the highest incidence rate from 2017 to 2021 was Taicang City,followed by Changshu City,and Wuzhong District.The average annual incidence rate in males was 9.98/105,higher than that(6.90/105)in females(χ^(2)=44.08,P<0.05).The main groups were students,kindergarten children,and scattered children,accounting for 46.08%,35.00%,and 8.89%of the total reported cases,respectively.Conclusion Since 2020,the incidence of mumps in Suzhou City has decreased,and vaccination of 2 doses of mumps vaccine can effectively reduce and delay the occurrence of mumps.