中国互联网30年:一种网民群体画像的视角——基于创新扩散理论重新发现中国互联网的力量与变革之源

30 Years of Chinese Internet:A Perspective of Internet Users’ Group Portrait

中国互联网发展30年以来,网民从单纯的上网用户,逐渐成为互联网的主体,到今天已经成为互联网整体的重要组成部分。网民就是人民,人民就是网民。考察30年中国网民发展历程,就是考察中国民众的变化过程、中国社会的变迁过程,也是中国式现代化的演进过程。本文基于罗杰斯的创新扩散理论,以年代为阶段划分,从网民群体的视角,深入互联网的每个阶段,梳理每一年代网民的特点和标志性事件,分析各个阶段网民的群体画像,结合法律、科技、社会等多个视角洞察中国网民的演变。即:1990年代互联网资本热潮激荡下,先驱网民绽放理想与激情;2000年代网民逐渐成为互联网主体,开启大众化进程,弥合性别鸿沟;2010年代移动互联网爆发,迎来全民上网时代;2020年代大规模同时在线,引爆智能物联新阶段。本文认为,中国互联网的过去和未来,为人民,更靠人民。无论是互联网的发展、数字时代的国际传播拓展和国家软实力提升,抑或网络时代的治理现代化以及人类命运共同体的打造,网民的力量、人民的力量将是真正决定性的力量。这无疑是中国互联网30年发展最重要的一条经验。

Over the past 30 years since the development of China’s Internet,netizens have gradually become the main body of the Internet from simple Internet users,and have become an important part of the Internet as a whole. Netizens are the people,and the people are netizens. To examine the development of Chinese netizens over the past 30 years is to examine the changing process of the Chinese people,the changing process of Chinese society,and the evolution of Chinese-style modernization. Based on Everett Rogers’ theory of innovation diffusion,this article divides ages into stages,from the perspective of Internet users,goes deep into each stage of the Internet,sorts out the characteristics and landmark events of Internet users in each age,analyzes the group portraits of Internet users in each stage,and combines laws,Insights into the evolution of Chinese netizens from multiple perspectives such as technology and society. That is,in the 1990s,under the surge of Internet capital,pioneer netizens bloomed ideals and passions. In the 2000s,netizens gradually became the main body of the Internet,opening the process of popularization and bridging the gender gap. In the 2010s,with the rapid development of mobile Internet,everyone got online. In the 2020s ushered in the stage of intelligent IoT. This article believes that the past and future of China’s Internet are for the people,and more importantly,rely on the people. Whether it is the development of the Internet,the expansion of international communication in the digital age and the improvement of national soft power,or the modernization of governance in the Internet age and the building of a community with a shared future for mankind,the power of netizens and the power of the people will be the truly decisive force. This is undoubtedly the most important experience in the development of China’s Internet in the past 30 years.