甜菜碱对北京鸭生长性能、血清抗氧化能力、肠道屏障指标及形态结构的影响

Effects of Dietary Betaine on Growth Performance,Serum Antioxidative Capacity,Intestinal Barrier Index and Morphology of Peking Ducks

为探究饲粮添加甜菜碱对北京鸭生长性能、血清抗氧化能力、肠道屏障指标及肠道形态结构的影响,试验选择1日龄健康北京鸭240只,随机分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只北京鸭。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加400 mg/kg甜菜碱(低剂量组)、800 mg/kg甜菜碱(中剂量组)、1200 mg/kg甜菜碱(高剂量组),于第42天清晨屠宰取样。结果显示:与对照组相比,高剂量组和中剂量组甜菜碱可以显著提升北京鸭42日龄体重(P<0.05),三种添加剂量的甜菜碱均显著降低北京鸭料重比(P<0.05);与对照组相比,高剂量组和中剂量组甜菜碱显著提高42日龄北京鸭血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性(P<0.05),降低丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05);与对照组相比,三种剂量甜菜碱均显著降低42日龄北京鸭血清中二胺氧化酶(DAO)的活性(P<0.05),中剂量组和低剂量组甜菜碱显著降低内毒素(ET-1)含量(P<0.05);与对照组相比,三种添加剂量的甜菜碱均明显提高42日龄北京鸭十二指肠绒毛高度(P<0.05),高剂量组和中剂量组甜菜碱显著提高空肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P<0.05),中剂量组显著降低空肠的隐窝深度(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加甜菜碱可以提高北京鸭生长性能,增强机体抗氧化能力,维持肠道屏障通透性,改善肠道形态,且本试验条件下,800 mg/kg的添加剂量效果较佳。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of betaine on growth performance,serum antioxidative capacity,intestinal barrier index and morphology of Peking ducks.A total of 240 one-day-age heathy Peking ducks were randomly divided into 4 group with 6 replicates per group and 10 ducks per replicate.The control group was fed with a basal diet,others in experimental groups were fed with basal diets supplemented with 400 mg/kg,800 mg/kg,1200 mg/kg betaine,respectively.At the 42nd day of the experiment,all ducks were slaughtered for analytical measurements.The results showed as follows:Compared with the control group,the body weight was increased significantly in high-dose and middle-dose group(P<0.05),and the feed conversion rate was decreased significantly in three-dose groups(P<0.05);The serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity was increased significantly(P<0.05)and the malondialdehyde(MDA)content was decreased significantly in high-dose and middledose group(P<0.05);The serum diamine oxidase(DAO)activity in three-dose groups and endothelin-1(ET-1)content in middle-dose and low-dose groups were decreased significantly(P<0.05).The villus height of duodenum increased significantly in three-dose groups(P<0.05),and the villus height of jejunum increased significantly as well as the villus height/crypt depth in high-dose and middle-dose groups(P<0.05),but the crypt depth of jejunum decreased only in middle-dose group(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary betaine could promote growth performance,enhance antioxidant capacity,maintain intestinal barrier function and improve intestinal morphology of Peking ducks,and the recommended dose was 800 mg/kg uner the condition of the experiment.