日粮粗蛋白水平和预混料对配种前期母驴体重、血液生化指标及激素水平影响的研究

Effects of diets with different levels of crude protein and premixes on the body weight,blood biochemical indices and hormone levels of female donkeys in early mating period

旨在研究不同蛋白水平和预混料组成日粮对配种前期母驴体重、血液生化指标及雌激素相关指标的影响。选择健康、平均体重(229.18±19.11)kg、配种前3个月的经产疆岳驴母驴60头,随机均分为日粮Ⅰ组和日粮Ⅱ组。日粮Ⅰ组饲喂低粗蛋白不含预混料的日粮,日粮Ⅱ组饲喂高蛋白+预混料的日粮,预试期10 d,正试期90 d。结果:在体重方面,日粮Ⅱ组母驴第60天重、第90天重以及总增重和日增重显著高于日粮Ⅰ组(P<0.05),分别提高了4.30%、6.05%、128.53%和131.58%;在氮、糖、脂代谢方面,日粮Ⅱ组母驴血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白、葡萄糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇以及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量显著高于日粮Ⅰ组(P<0.05),分别提高了35.01%、39.80%、2.36%、13.79%、25.00%和39.13%;在繁殖激素方面,日粮Ⅱ组母驴血浆中促卵泡素和促性腺激素释放激素的水平显著高于日粮Ⅰ组(P<0.05),分别提高了65.50%和37.13%。因此,饲喂本研究设计的高蛋白+预混料日粮能够显著提高配种前期母驴的体重,同时增加其血浆中蛋白浓度,促进促卵泡素和促性腺激素释放激素的分泌。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary compositions on the body weight,blood biochemical indexes and estrogen-related indexes of female donkeys at the early stage of mating.Sixty healthy multiparous Jiangyue donkeys of an average body weight of(229.18±19.11)kg and at 3 months before mating were selected and randomly divided into dietⅠgroup and dietⅡgroups.The pigs in the dietⅠgroup were fed with a low crude protein diet without premixes,and the pigs in the dietⅡgroup were fed with a diet of high protein plus premixes.The pre-feeding period lasted for 10 days and the normal feeding period lasted for 90 days.The results were as follows:In terms of body weight,compared with the donkeys in the dietⅠgroup,those in the dietⅡgroup had significant increases of 4.30%,6.05%,128.53%and 131.58%,respectively,for 60 d,90 d,total body weight gain and daily weight gain(P<0.05).In terms of nitrogen,glucose and lipid metabolism,the contents of plasma total protein,albumin,glucose,triglyceride,total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the dietⅡgroup were significantly higher than those in the dietⅠgroup(P<0.05),which were increased by 35.01%,39.80%,2.36%,13.79%,25.00%and 39.13%,respectively.In terms of reproductive hormones,the plasma levels of follicle stimulating hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the dietⅡgroup were significantly higher than those in the dietⅠgroup(P<0.05),which were increased by 65.50%and 37.13%,respectively.Therefore,feeding the high-protein plus premix diet designed in this study significantly increased the body weight of the female donkeys at the early stage of mating,raised their plasma protein concentration,and promoted their secretion of follicle stimulating hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone.