佛教“孝道”观念的建构——以《地藏菩萨本愿经》为中心

The Construction of the Concept of “Filial Piety” in Buddhism: Centered on the Sutra of Earth Store Bodhisattva

儒家“孝亲”思想在中国传统文化中具有重要的价值和意义,是中国传统社会伦理道德的基石。而佛教作为一种外来文化,若要在古代的中国社会中立足并传播开来,必须要妥善解释佛教与“孝亲”观念之间的关联,才能与中国传统社会相适应。中国佛教的“孝道”观念成为了佛教传播史中的重要一节,通过对佛教经典《地藏菩萨本愿经》的“文本”解读,可以获知佛教“孝道”观念架构体系,窥见中国佛教与儒家文化的冲突整合过程,并最终形成了有别于儒家思想的独特的佛教“孝道”观念。这一论题的探究可以展现中国佛教与儒家文化兼容,也为“佛教中国化”学术审视提供一个有意义的视角。

The Confucian thought of filial piety is of vital value and significance in Chinese traditional culture, and is the cornerstone of Chinese traditional social ethics. However, if Buddhism, as a foreign culture, wants to stand and spread in ancient Chinese society, it must properly explain the relationship between Buddhism and the concept of “filial piety” in order to adapt to the traditional Chinese social culture. The concept of “filial piety” in Chinese Buddhism has become an important section in the history of Buddhist communication. Through the “text” interpretation of the Buddhist classic the Sutra of Earth Store Bodhisattva, we can learn the structure system of the concept of “filial piety” in Buddhism, see the process of conflict and integration between Chinese Buddhism and Confucian culture, and finally form a unique concept of “filial piety” in Buddhism that is different from Confucianism. Through the exploration of this topic, we can see the compatibility of Chinese Buddhism and Confucian culture, and also provide a meaningful perspective for the academic review of “Buddhism in China”.