新教育视角下的劳动教育理想及其行动路径研究

Study on the Ideal of Labor Education and Its Action Path from the Perspective of New Education Initiative

自新中国成立以来,我国劳动教育的功能地位不断得到提高,其课程形态已从最初的规范化课程、专门性课程发展为完整独立的课程体系。但是,由于存在师资力量、资源建设、实践场域、制度保障、家校社合作等方面的现实不足,劳动教育的实施成效有待提高。通过总结建国以来的劳动教育改革经验,新教育实验认为,应以明确劳动教育的价值意蕴、强化劳动教育的师资建设、创新劳动教育的学习方式、优化劳动教育的支持环境、加强劳动教育的外部保障为理想追求和具体目标。在行动路径上,应该通过专兼评聘的方式扩充优质师资,借助研发卓越劳动课程、制定习惯养成计划、搭建家校共育平台、整合社会教育资源、建立劳动教育共同体、加强配套政策供给等行动解决问题。在新教育的视角下明确劳动教育的理想追求,结合新教育的行动路径开展劳动教育实践,有助于推动新时代劳动教育的高效落地。

Since the founding of China, the functions and status of labor education in China have been continuously improved, and its curriculum form has developed from the initial normative curriculum and specialized curriculum to a complete and independent curriculum system. However, the effectiveness of labor education implementation needs to be improved due to realistic shortcomings in faculty strength, resource construction, practice field, institutional protection, and home-school community cooperation. By summarizing the experience of labor education reform since the founding of China, the new education initiative believes that the ideal pursuit and specific goals should be to clarify the value implication of labor education, strengthen the faculty construction of labor education, innovate the learning methods of labor education, optimize the supporting environment of labor education, and strengthen the external guarantee of labor education. In terms of action paths, we should expand high-quality teachers through the evaluation and recruitment of full-time and part-time teachers, and solve problems through actions such as developing superior labor curriculum,formulating habit formation plans, building a home-school co-education platform, integrating social education resources, establishing labor education communities, and strengthening supporting policy supply. Clarifying the ideal pursuit of labor education under the perspective of new education initiative and carrying out labor education practice with the action path of new education initiative can help promote the efficient implementation of labor education in the new era.