“5W”视角下武术与空手道国际传播要素的差异性研究

On the Differences of International Communication Elements between Chinese Wushu and Karate from the Perspective of"5W"

基于拉斯韦尔“5W”理论,以传播的效果要素为问题背景,文章采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法和对比研究法,对两种武技传播模式中的其余四大要素进行深入比较。研究认为,武术相较于空手道在国际传播中的不足之处有:(1)传播组织结构单一、人际传播混乱无序;(2)传播内容标准化、简洁化程度低;(3)官方对国际流行媒体的运营不够重视;(4)国际受众对武术技击属性的认可度较低。对此,武术的国际传播应该从构建多元主体的传播格局,提炼标准简洁的传播内容,规范服装和武术段位制度,提升武术技击属性等方面入手,以获得传播受众的青睐,进而利用国际媒介扩大影响力。另外,建立科学的效果反馈机制,使五大传播要素形成合力,也是推动武术国际传播不可或缺的环节。

Based on Lasswell’s"5W"theory,taking the effect elements of communication as the background of the problem,this research adopts the method of literature,logical analysis and comparative study to make an in-depth comparison of the other four elements in the two modes of Wushu communication.Compared with karate,Chinese Wushu has the following shortcomings in international communication:(1)the communication organization structure is single,and the interpersonal communication is chaotic and disorderly;(2)the standardization of the communication content is low,which is manifested in the variety of techniques and the lack of clothing.The norms and the Wushu rank system are unreasonable,and to a certain extent,the dissemination of Wushu spirit and culture is ignored;(3)the official does not pay enough attention to the operation of international popular media;(4)the international audience has a low degree of recognition of the Wushu attributes.In this regard,the international communication of Chinese Wushu should start from building a communication pattern with multiple subjects,refining standard and concise communication content,standardizing clothing and Wushu rank system,and improving the Wushu skills and fighting attributes,so as to gain the favor of the communication audience,and then use international media to expand Influence.In addition,establishing a scientific effect feedback mechanism to form a joint force of the five communication elements is also an indispensable link in promoting the international communication of Chinese Wushu.