江苏省全科师资培训医生职业吸引力与生命质量的现状及影响因素

Status and influencing factors of career attractiveness and quality of life of general practitioner training doctors in Jiangsu Province

目的了解江苏省基层全科医生职业吸引力与生命质量的现状和影响因素,以师资培训为探索重点,为提升江苏省全科医生职业吸引力和生命质量提供依据。方法采用单纯随机抽样的方法于2020年对江苏省各地368名全科医生进行调查,通过基本情况调查表对工作满意度、职业倦怠、离职意愿、生命质量等进行调查,运用单因素(χ^(2)检验、秩和检验)和多因素(线性回归、有序logistic回归)等对项目间关系进行分析。结果工作满意度为(74.35±12.59)分,处于基本满意状态;离职意愿为(14.54±3.40)分,个人成就感为16.00(10.00,24.00)分,存在轻度职业倦怠和较高的离职意愿。单因素分析表明,年龄、专业、岗位、工作年限、学历、职称、工作地区、培训次数、带教情况是职业吸引力的影响因素(均P<0.05)。多因素分析表明,是否带教、培训频次、收入、学历、职称、专业是职业吸引力的影响因素(均P<0.05)。生命质量与工作满意度、离职意愿呈正相关关系,与职业倦怠呈负相关关系(均P<0.01),情绪耗竭会影响全科医生生命质量(P<0.01)。结论目前江苏省全科职业吸引力有待提高,减轻职业倦怠有助于改善生命质量。增加高质量师资培训的次数、推进转岗队伍的建设、优化人才引进结构、提升薪酬待遇有望提升职业吸引力。

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of career attractiveness and quality of life of grass-roots general practitioners in Jiangsu Province,and focus on teacher training,so as to provide basis for improving professional attractiveness and quality of life of general practitioners in Jiangsu Province.Methods A total of 368 general practitioners from various parts of Jiangsu Province were investigated by the method of simple random sampling in 2020.The basic situation questionnaire was used to investigate job satisfaction,job burnout,turnover intention and quality of life.Univariate analysis(χ^(2) test,rank sum test)and multivariate analysis(linear regression,ordered logistic regression)were used to analyze the relationship between projects.Results The average score of job satisfaction was(74.35±12.59)points,which was in the state of basic satisfaction.The average score of turnover intention was(14.54±3.40)points,and the score of personal achievement was 16.00(10.00,24.00)points,with mild job burnout and high turnover intention.Univariate analysis showed that age,major,position,working years,educational background,professional title,working area,training times and teaching were the influencing factors of professional attractiveness(all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that whether teaching,training frequency,income,education background,professional title and major were the influencing factors of occupational attractiveness(all P<0.05).The quality of life was positively correlated with job satisfaction and turnover intention,and negatively correlated with job burnout(all P<0.01).Emotional exhaustion affected the quality of life of general practitioners(P<0.01).Conclusion At present,the career attractiveness of general practice in Jiangsu Province needs to be improved,and reducing job burnout is helpful to improve the quality of life of general practitioners.Increasing the number of high-quality teacher training,promoting the construction of job transfer teams,optimizing the structure of talent introduction,and improving the salary package are expected to enhance the career attraction.