基于改进断裂点理论的机场吸引范围界定

Division of Airport Attraction Range in Multi-airport System Based on Improved Weighted Breakpoint Theory

合理界定机场吸引范围,是构建坚固民航运输网络的关键环节。现有的机场吸引范围界定方法,很少考虑与其衔接的地面交通网络,以及旅客出行偏好的影响。为提高机场吸引范围的实用性,以城市断裂点理论为基础,对其中的重要参数予以改进。首先,以综合交通运输为背景,指出发达的公路和铁路运输网络对民用机场具有很大的竞争与促进作用,并提出以地面交通出行时间为量化标准的吸引范围界定方法。然后,为分析旅客出行偏好的行为机理,针对与机场衔接的地面交通网络来建立离散选择模型。其次,将研究区域的机场所在城市看作是一个整体,运用专家评价法和熵权法综合确定机场的吸引规模,并通过机场吞吐量与城市对外出行总量针对机场规模进行修正。最后,通过算例验证改进模型的实际可操作性,为确定多机场系统吸引范围界定提供新的思路和方法。

Reasonably defining the range of airport attraction is the critical link to build a solid civil aviation transportation network.Existing approaches to airport attraction definition rarely take into account the ground transportation network with which they are connected,and the impact of traveler preferences.Based on the urban breaking point theory,the important parameters were improved in order to improve the practicability of airport attraction range.Firstly,in the context of integrated transportation,it was pointed out that the developed road and railroad transportation networks have a great competitive and facilitating effect on civil airports,and a method of defining the scope of attraction using ground transportation travel time as a quantitative criterion was proposed.Then,in order to analyze the behavioral mechanism of passenger travel preference,a discrete choice model was established for the ground transportation network connected with the airport.Secondly,the cities where airports are located in the study area were considered as a whole,and the attraction scale of airports were determined using the expert evaluation method and entropy weight method,and the airport scale was corrected by the airport throughput and the total number of external trips to the city.Finally,the calculations are used to verify the practical operability of the improved model and to provide new concepts and methods for determining the range of attraction definition for multi-airport systems.