气候变化对能源行业的影响及适应对策

Impacts of climate change on energy sector and adaptive countermeasures

能源行业不仅是人为因素导致全球气候变化的关键部门,气候变化的影响也为全球能源系统带来巨大风险和不确定性。气候变化影响能源禀赋、生产、运输、需求与高峰负荷。介绍联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)、国际能源组织、美国和欧盟等能源气候变化适应对策进展,梳理中国能源气候适应政策现状与进展。提出未来在实现碳达峰碳中和目标、建设现代能源体系进程中,应加强能源供应领域气候风险管理,保障能源重大工程和基础设施的安全运行,持续推进可再生能源气候服务,大力发展能源行业适应气候变化关键技术,防范化解能源行业气候变化风险,强化适应气候变化能力,为促进全球气候变化背景下中国能源产业链、供应链安全提供必要补充。

The energy industry is a key sector for human-induced global climate change and the impacts of climate change also pose significant risks and uncertainties for the global energy system.Climate change affects energy endowment,production,transportation,demand,and peak load.The paper draws lessons from the progress and experience of energy climate change adaptive measures of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC),the International Energy Agency,the United States,and the European Union,etc.,and sorts out current status and progress of energy and climate adaptation policies in China.It is suggested that climate risk management in the field of energy supply should be strengthened to ensure the safe operation of major energy projects and infrastructure in the process of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality and building a modern energy system;China will continue to promote renewable energy and climate services,vigorously develop key technologies for the energy sector to adapt to climate change,guard against and defuse climate change risks in the energy sector,and strengthen its capacity to adapt to climate change,to promote global climate change in the context of China’s energy industry chain,supply chain security to provide a necessary supplement.