对2022年中国成品油出口的思考与建议

Thoughts and suggestions on China’s refined oil exports in 2022

受乌克兰危机等因素影响,2022年上半年成品油裂解价差涨至历史高位,亚太区域除中国以外的其他主要成品油出口国家抓住难得的历史机遇,加大成品油生产和出口,成品油出口效益显著增长。相对而言,尽管新冠肺炎疫情持续,成品油消费低迷,但中国成品油出口数量同比仍大幅减少,不仅出口效益受损,对国家贸易额和外汇收入增长不利,同时导致中国炼油产能无法充分释放,也使得中国的成品油国际市场地位和影响力减弱。建议进一步完善中国成品油进出口管理体制,统筹优化国际国内两个市场和国内外两种资源,根据国际国内市场环境变化灵活调整成品油进出口策略;抓住目前成品油市场价格总体仍处于高位的历史机遇期,积极加大成品油出口;在满足国内保供需求的前提下,国家不硬性规定成品油出口数量,而是利用税收等方式调控出口节奏,以实现国家整体出口利益最大化。

Due to the outbreak of Ukraine crisis,the refined products crack reached its historical high in the first half of 2022,which encouraged most of the key exporting countries or areas in Asia-Pacific Region except China to maximize their production and exports to take the benefit.In contrast,despite the COVID-19 pandemic and low consumption of refined oil products,the volume of China’s refined oil exports is still significantly reduced,which not only undermines export efficiency,but also hinders the growth of the country’s trade volume and foreign exchange income,limited the refining capacity fully released,and had negative impact on the Chinese international market status set up over years.This paper aims to put forward the suitable suggestions to the issues of refined products export,by improving import-export management of refined oil,optimizing both domestic and international markets as well as domestic and international resources,adjusting the imports and exports of refined oil flexibly according to the market changes to grasp the most benefits in the historical opportunity period,and regulating the exports by tax and other measures besides hard quota management,so as to maximize the overall export benefits of the country.