脓毒症致急性肺损伤相关的microRNAs研究进展

Associated microRNAs in patients with acute lung injury caused by sepsis

脓毒症是导致全球范围内急重症患者死亡的最常见病因,其本质是由于机体促炎和抗炎过程失衡,导致全身炎症级联反应发生和特异性免疫功能障碍,并最终演变成多器官功能障碍综合征(multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,MODS)。在脓毒症的发生发展过程中,肺脏损伤的相关表现尤为常见,继发于脓毒症的急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)或急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)是脓毒症患者致死的最主要原因。因此,早期识别和诊断脓毒症相关肺损伤对患者诊治具有重要意义。作为一种单链非编码RNAs,microRNAs具有较高的生物特异性、选择性和保守性,当前已作为理想的生物标志物被用于多种疾病的临床诊断。多项研究证实,microRNAs在脓毒症相关肺损伤的发病过程中差异表达,通过监测和分析其变异水平能有效对脓毒症相关肺损伤的诊断及预后进行判断。本文回顾分析microRNAs在脓毒症相关肺损伤中的系列研究,现对异常表达的microRNAs及其在脓毒症相关肺损伤中的作用机制进行综述。

Sepsis is the most common cause of death in acute critical patients worldwide.The essence of sepsis is the imbalance of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes in the body,which leads to systemic inflammatory cascade reaction and specific immune dysfunction,and eventually evolves into multi-organ dysfunction syndrome.In the development of sepsis,acute lung injury is particularly common.Acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to sepsis are the main causes of death in sepsis patients.Therefore,early identification and diagnosis of sepsis-associated lung injury is of great significance for sepsis patients.As single-chain non-coding RNAs,microRNAs have high biological specificity,selectivity,and conserved properties.Currently,microRNAs have been used as ideal biomarkers for clinical diagnosis of a variety of diseases.Multiple studies have confirmed that microRNAs are differentially expressed in the pathogenesis of sepsis associated with lung injury;monitoring and analyzing their variation levels is effective in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluaiton of sepsis associated with lung injury.In this paper,we review the abnormal expression of microRNAs and their mechanism of action in sepsis associated with lung injury by summarizing a series of studies on microRNAs in sepsis associated with lung injury.