我国节能政策的演进历程、逻辑及展望——基于历史制度主义的分析

Evolution,Logic and Prospect of China’s Energy Saving Policy——Analysis Based on Historical Institutionalism

随着能源短缺、环境污染等问题的出现,节能政策应运而生。在历史制度主义的视角下,我国节能政策经历了初步形成、逐步发展、重点推进及深入完善的四个历史阶段。我国节能政策的演进受到宏观层面经济体制、社会环境及能源形势的影响,在中观层面又因学习效应、协调效应和适应性预期具有路径依赖,在微观层面因社会复杂诉求、各方主体互动、政府理性选择而产生演进动力,三个层面的因素共同形成了我国节能政策的演进逻辑。展望未来,我国节能政策要完善政策体系、创新政策内容、丰富政策工具,以期推动绿色、低碳、循环发展,为我国生态文明和美丽中国建设发挥重要作用。

With the emergence of energy shortage,environmental pollution and other problems,energy saving policies emerges at the historic moment.From the perspective of historical institutionalism,China’s energy saving policy has experienced four historical stages:initial formation,gradual development,key promotion and in-depth improvement.The evolution of China’s energy saving policy is affected by the economic system,social environment and energy situation at the macro level.At the medium level,it is path dependent due to the learning effect,coordination effect and adaptability expectation.At the micro level,it is driven by the complex demands of society,the interaction of all parties,and the rational choice of the government.Factors at three levels jointly form the evolution logic of China’s energy saving policy.Looking forward to the future,China’s energy saving policy should improve the policy system,innovate the policy content,and enrich the policy tools,with a view to promoting green,low carbon,and circular development,and play an important role in China’s ecological civilization and the construction of a beautiful China.