盆底肌训练对初产妇产后盆底功能的影响

目的妊娠和分娩是盆底功能障碍性疾病的独立危险因素,评估盆底肌训练对初产妇产后盆底功能的影响.方法这是一项随机前瞻性研究,包括200例初产妇.足月、单胎、能沟通理解的初产妇.在产后6周进行临床检查和问卷调查,随机分为两组,盆底肌训练(PFMT)组每周参加2次30 min的盆底肌训练,持续8周.分别在产后3至12个月对两组产妇进行临床检查和问卷调查.结果产后3至12个月,PFMT组的压力性尿失禁发生率低于对照组,阴道收缩压力显著增强,盆底功能相关问卷得分优于对照组(P<0.05).而且PFMT可以提高产妇产后12个月的盆底功能满意度(P<0.05).结论有监督的盆底肌训练能改善女性产后盆底功能和生活质量.

Objective To evaluate the effect of pelvic floor muscle training on postpartum pelvic floor function in primipara.Methods A randomized prospective study including 200 primiparas was conducted.The inclusion criteria were full term,singleton and primipara who could communicate and understand.Clinical examinations and questionnaires were conducted 6 weeks postpartum.The primipara were randomly divided into two groups.The pelvic floor muscle training(PFMT)group participated in 30-minute pelvic floor muscle training twice a week for 8 weeks.Clinical examination and questionnaire survey were performed on the two groups of women at 3 and 12 months postpartum,respectively.Results At 3rd and 12th month postpartum,the incidence of stress urinary incontinence in the PFMT group was lower than that in the control group,the vaginal systolic pressure was significantly enhanced,and the pelvic floor function-related questionnaire scores were better than those in the control group.Moreover,PFMT could improve matermal satisfaction with pelvic floor function 12 months after delivery.Conclusion Supervised pelvic floor muscle training can improve postpartum pelvic floor function and quality of life in women.