“印太战略”框架下美日基础设施合作

U.S.–Japan Infrastructure Cooperation under the Framework of the Indo-Pacific Strategy

2016年以来,美日基础设施合作在战略协调、机制建设、基建融资以及项目推进方面取得了较大进展。美日基础设施合作以对冲“一带一路”为核心目标,以构建“非对称优势”为基本思路,以政府催化私营部门为开发模式,以基础设施合作撬动关系治理为战略逻辑,以差序化形式构建基础设施伙伴关系,既是其“印太战略”的经济实践,也是对“印太战略”的功能性补充。由于拜登政府执政后美日等国在合作领域、合作原则上的分歧有所缩小,美日基础设施合作短期内在“软性”基建领域将有一定推进。然而,与“印太战略”高度捆绑的关系决定了美日基础设施合作难以获得亚太国家广泛认可。同时,美国国内阻力、中国“软性”基建能力快速提升以及“高质量”叙事与现实逐步脱节也阻碍着合作推进。

Since 2016,U.S.–Japan infrastructure cooperation has made some progress in strategic coordination,institution building,infrastructure financing and project advancement.Due to the narrowing of differences in cooperation areas and principles between the U.S.and Japan after the Biden administration took office,the U.S.–Japan infrastructure cooperation in the soft infrastructure field will be promoted to some extent in the short term.However,the highly tied relationship with the Indo-Pacific strategy makes it difficult for U.S.–Japan infrastructure cooperation to be widely recognized by Asia-Pacific countries.The overall outlook is not optimistic.