农业机械化对农村居民收入的影响——基于农村劳动力转移中介作用的实证分析

Agricultural Mechanization Increasing the Income of Rural Residents——An Empirical Analysis Based on the Mediating Action of Rural Labor Transfer

基于全国31个省份1978-2019年的省级面板数据,使用全面FGLS估计方法实证分析了农业机械化、农村劳动力转移、农村居民收入之间的关系及其在农业主产区和非农业主产区的差异性。研究发现:农业机械化能显著增加农村居民收入,农村劳动力转移在该过程中发挥着中介作用;与非农业主产区相比,农业主产区的农业机械化增加农村居民收入的效果更明显、农村劳动力转移所发挥的中介作用更明显;农业机械化是通过增加农村居民的经营性收入使农村居民收入增加,而农村劳动力转移是通过增加农村居民的工资性收入使农村居民收入增加。

Based on the provincial panel data(1978-2019) from 31 provinces in China, empirical analyzingthe relationship among agricultural mechanization, rural labor transfer, income of rural residents by thec omprehensive FGLS estimation method is used. The results show that agricultural mechanization can sig-nificantly increase the income of rural residents, and the rural labor transfer plays an intermediary role int his process. Compared with the non-agricultural main production areas, the agricultural mechanizationin the agricultural main production areas has more obvious effects on increasing the income of rural resi-d ents, and the intermediary role played by the rural labor force transfer is more obvious. The agriculturalmechanization is to increase the income of rural residents by increasing their operating income, and rurall abor transfer is to increase the income of rural residents by increasing their wage income.