中小学生校外培训的利益结构与治理机制

On Interest Structure and Governance Mechanism of Out-of-school Training Education

中小学生校外培训的基本利益结构是由政府主管、机构经办和家校消费所形成的共同利益与局部利益供需关系。其中,共同利益取决于学生补差、培优和兴趣拓展的个性化刚需及其教育属性,局部利益取决于机构培训直供及其市场属性。从共同利益与局部利益的视角分析我国校外培训治理实践,需要强化共同利益来提高治理共识,平衡局部利益来优化治理结构。从利益协调的角度看,中小学生校外培训的良性发展亟需建立包括政府主导共同利益扩展机制、市场调节行业自律机制和主体参与社会监督机制在内的组合型治理机制系统。

The basic interest structure of out-of-school training education is a kind of supply-demand relationship between common interests and partial interests,formed by the authority governance,institution management and family-school consumption.In such structure,the common interests depend on students’rigid demand and educational attributes of promoting,enhancing and interests-developing,while the partial interests depend on the institutions’direct supply and marketing attributes of out-of-school training.Analyzing the governance practice of out of school training in China from the perspective of common interests and partial interests requires strengthening common interests to improve governance consensus,and balancing partial interests to optimize the governance structure.From the perspective of interest coordination,the good development of out-of-school training requires building up a mechanism system including an administrational mechanism of growing common interest directed by the authorities,a marketing mechanism of industrial self-regulation,and a participating mechanism of social supervision.