从关注“精神自由”到发现“客观本性”——马克思《莱茵报》时期利益观的演进分析

From Concentrating on "the Spiritual Freedom" to Discovering "the Objective Nature"——Based on the Evolution Analysis of Karl Marx’s Interest View during the Period of Rheinische Zeitung

《莱茵报》时期是马克思世界观开始由唯心主义转向唯物主义的起点,讨论马克思这一时期的利益观离不开对其思想转向的把握。这一时期马克思的利益观经历了由精神转向物质的思想嬗变,即从重视精神利益轻视物质利益,到发现物质利益的作用,最后逐渐发现物质利益背后“各种关系的客观本性”的过程。厘清马克思这一时期利益观的演进脉络,从利益观的独特视角明晰其唯物主义转向的必然性和内在逻辑,能够明晰马克思早期思想探索在他整个思想发展过程中的重要意义。

The period of Rheinische Zeitung is the starting point that Marx’s world view shifted from idealism to materialism, so discussing Marx’s interest view in this period cannot be divorced from the grasp of his ideological change.In this period, Marx’s view of interests went through the transition from spirit to matter, namely, the process from valuing spiritual interests and ignoring material interests to discovering the role of material interests, and finally perceiving the "objective nature of various relations" behind material interests.Through grasping the evolution of Marx’s interest view in this period and expounding the necessity and internal logic of the transition to materialism from a unique perspective of the interest view, we can understand the significance of his early thought exploration in the whole development history of Marx’s thought.